A 25-year-old female, pregnant with her first child, has access to enriched cereals and breads with folic acid as an approach to reduce her risk of having a child with a major birth defect, spina bifida. Which type of essential service most supported this approach to prevention? A. Monitoring of the problem B. Development of policies C. The investigation of causes D. Evaluation of effectiveness staff member of a public health institute provides a lecture to local students on the nature and role public health institutes hold in supporting public health. Which of the following descriptions would be included? A. Public health institutes are governmental, but funding restrictions are less B. Government employee restrictions limit institute staff advocacy roles C. Health departments benefit from institute services as fiscal intermediaries D. Institutes play a key role as a moderator, rather than a voice for collaboration