Peer Responses:
 

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder which is mainly characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which lead to “wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing attacks” in recurrent episodes (Reddel et al., 2021).The underlying etiology of the disease is multifactorial, which is based on the interactions of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The contribution of specific genes to the disease susceptibility is well known; however, allergens, air pollution, respiratory infections, and tobacco smoke are among the most important environmental triggers of the development of asthma (Reddel et al., 2021). Regarding the epidemiology of asthma, it is among the most widespread chronic conditions that affect children on a global scale, and its prevalence differs among diverse populations and regions. It is usually a process that starts in childhood, but it can happen at any point in one’s life. Boys exhibit a greater prevalence of asthma in their childhood years, but adulthood may change this condition.
Asthma pathophysiology, as a result of airway inflammation, is characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airflow limitation. The production of inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, leukotrienes, and cytokines, by the immune system is the cause of airway inflammation and smooth muscle contraction, leading to bronchoconstriction and airway narrowing (Sinyor